197 results for group: agriculture-1

Improving chemical properties of a highly weathered soil using finely ground basalt rocks

Markus Anda, J. Shamshuddin, C.I. Fauziah Abstract Chemical property degradation of Oxisols (highly weathered soils) is revealed by very low cation exchange capacity and base cations but high Al saturation. The objective of this study was to increase cation exchange capacity and base cations and to alleviate Al toxicity of a highly weathered soil using finely ground basalt rocks. The topsoil and subsoil representing the natural and severely eroded conditions, respectively, were incubated with various rates (up to 80 t ha−1) of finely ground basalt (b50 μm) under ambient laboratory conditions for 24 months. The soils and solution were sampled ...

Understanding the mobility of potential nutrients in rock mining by- products: An opportunity for more sustainable agriculture and mining

Adilson Celimar Dalmora, Claudete Gindri Ramos, Leandro Gomez Plata, Marcondes Lima da Costa, Rubens Muller Kautzmann, Luis Felipe Silva Oliveira Abstract The increase in demand for highly soluble fertilizers brings a global sustainability concern. Alternative sources for traditional fertilization are therefore needed. Rock powder use has been proposed as an alternative approach to soil remineralization. However, research on the agricultural potential of minerals and rocks as alternative sources of nutrients is limited to changes in soil chemical attributes or effects on crop yield. In this work, we report an experimental study addressing the ...

Waste mineral powder supplies plant available potassium: Evaluation of chemical and biological interventions

B.B. Basak, Binoy Sarkar, Peter Sanderson, Ravi Naidu Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate a waste rock powder collected from the Seaham quarry in New South Wales, Australia, as a source of potassium (K) in soil. The K supplying capacity of different size fractions of the mineral powder was evaluated by employing five chemical extractants as well as growing maize and holy basil in sand culture experiments. The K release by chemical extractants increased with decreasing particle size of the mineral powder. The amount of K released by different extractants followed the order: water < 0.01 M calcium chloride < 0.01 M citric acid < 1 N ...

Solubilization of Potassium Containing Mineral by Microorganisms From Sugarcane Rhizosphere

Tri Candra Setiawati and Laily Mutmainnah Abstract Potassium solubilizing microorganisms (KSM) isolated from sugarcane rhizosphere and their capability on solubilization from some insoluble potassium were examined. Isolation of potassium solubilizer was carried out from three sugarcane plantations area, on Alexandrov’s agar medium. From the 41 isolated microorganisms were selected 15 isolates potassium solubilizing microorganisms which exhibiting highest potassium solubilization (solubility index) on solid medium. All the KSM were found to be capable of solubilizing K from insoluble K-bearing minerals source, and the solubilization zone ...

Does a rhizospheric microorganism enhance K+ availability in agricultural soils?

Vijay Singh Meena, B.R. Maurya, Jay Prakash Verma Abstract The potassium solubilizing microorganisms (KSMs) are a rhizospheric microorganism which solubilizesthe insoluble potassium (K) to soluble forms of K for plant growth and yield. K-solubilization is carried out by a large number of saprophytic bacteria (Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus edaphicus, Bacillus circu-lans, Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans, Paenibacillus spp.) and fungal strains (Aspergillus spp. and Aspergillus terreus). Major amounts of K containing minerals (muscovite, orthoclase, biotite, feldspar, illite, mica) are present in the soil as a fixed form which is not directly ...

Nutrient-doped synthetic silicates for enhanced weathering, remineralization and fertilization on agricultural lands of global cold regions – A perspective on the research ahead

Andrea Hicks, Pratik Dholabhai, Asif Ali, Rafael M. Santos Abstract There is now a dire demand for negative emissions technologies (which sequester CO2 from the atmosphere) that can be rapidly deployed, are scalable, and are demonstrably safe and effective. Enhanced weathering of silicate minerals has demonstrated a significant potential for CO2 capture and sequestration by the formation of pedogenic carbonates in soils, subsoils, and sediments. This technique has also been shown to deliver fruitful results in terms of improving soil health, and in turn plant health, through remineralization. The silicate minerals that possess the highest ...

The potential of enhanced weathering as a CO2 removal technique in UK agricultural soils

Frances Buckingham Abstract Enhanced weathering (EW) is increasingly proposed as a promising negative emission technology that sequesters atmospheric carbon dioxide without substantially changing established agricultural practices. Current estimates suggest enhanced weathering could remove 0.5-4 GtCO2 yr-1 globally by the end of this century (Smith et al., 2015) which equates to a substantial fraction of global anthropogenic emissions (49 GtCO2eq yr-1; IPCC, 2014). However, these estimates are based on limited experimental assessment of the complexities of the soil environment which inhibit alkalinity release, and existing pot and core ...

Silicate weathering in the Ganges alluvial plain

Patrick J. Frings, Wim Clymans, Guillaume Fontorbe, William Gray, Govind J. Chakrapani, Daniel J. Conley, Christina De La Rocha Abstract The Ganges is one of the world’s largest rivers and lies at the heart of a body of literature that investigates the interaction between mountain orogeny, weathering and global climate change. Three regions can be recognised in the Ganges basin, with the Himalayan orogeny to the north and the plateaus of peninsular India to the south together delimiting the Ganges alluvial plain. Despite constituting approximately 80% of the basin, weathering processes in the peninsula and alluvial plain have received little ...

oxalate secretion by ectomycorrhizal Paxillus involutus is mineral-speciic and controls calcium weathering from minerals

A. schmalenberger, A. L. Duran, A. W. Bray, J. Bridge, s. Bonneville, L. G. Benning, M. e. Romero-Gonzalez, J. R. Leake, s. A. Banwart Abstract oxalate secretion by ectomycorrhizal Paxillus involutus is mineral-speciic and controls calcium weathering from minerals

Mineral weathering is linked to microbial priming in the critical zone

Qian Fang, Anhuai Lu, Hanlie Hong, Yakov Kuzyakov, Thomas J. Algeo, Lulu Zhao, Yaniv Olshansky, Bryan Moravec, Danielle M. Barrientes, Jon Chorover Abstract Decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) can be stimulated by fresh organic matter input, a phenomenon known as the ‘priming effect’. Despite its global importance, the relationship of the priming effect to mineral weathering and nutrient release remains unclear. Here we show close linkages between mineral weathering in the critical zone and primed decomposition of SOM. Intensified mineral weathering and rock-derived nutrient release are generally coupled with primed SOM decomposit...