127 results for group: carbon-sequestration-1


Enhancement of Biochar Carbon Sequestration Through Mineral Regulation: Effects and Mechanisms

Fan Yang, Pengxiao Gao, Lin Chi, Zhongyu Gao, Yajun Wang, Liu Luo, Bo Liu, Xinyue Liu, Jingke Sima ABSTRACT: The conversion of waste biomass into biochar through inert pyrolysis represents a promising strategy for carbon sequestration. However, biochar production is often accompanied by the release of small molecular chemical substances during pyrolysis, and the resulting biochar is susceptible to environmental degradation. To enhance the carbon retention rate of biochar during pyrolysis and its stability in the environment, this study explored the incorporation of various metal soluble salts (CaCl2, Ca(H2PO4)2, MgCl2, FeCl3) and clay minerals ...

Long-term trends of streamwater chemistry in an agricultural watershed: Effects of anthropogenic and climatic factors

Fengchao Sun, Rob A. Rioux, William A. Miller-Brown, Bibek Shrestha, James B. Shanley, Noah J. Planavsky, Peter A. Raymond, James E. Saiers ABSTRACT: The chemistry of headwater streams is a key indicator of the health of riparian zones and surrounding terrestrial ecosystems. This chemistry is shaped by biogeochemical processes, including chemical weathering, and anthropogenic activities that interact with one another and are sensitive to climate. Elucidating trends in streamwater chemistry and the drivers that underpin them is essential for informing land-management decisions and anticipating water-quality issues that may affect downstream ...

Global patterns of nitrogen saturation in forests

Xiaoyu Cen, Nianpeng He, Kevin Van Sundert, César Terrer, Kailiang Yu, Mingxu Li, Li Xu, Liyin He, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl ABSTRACT: Organisms require nitrogen (N) for survival and growth. Since the Industrial Revolution, human activity has considerably increased the supply of N to terrestrial ecosystems through atmospheric N deposition, and forests are particularly affected. When N supply exceeds biological N demand, forests change from N limited to N saturated. This change in N status could affect forest productivity and could influence future climate. Nevertheless, the global patterns of N saturation in forests have remained unclear. In ...

Supplementing Enhanced Weathering With Organic Amendments Accelerates the Net Climate Benefit of Soil Amendments in Rangeland Soils

Tyler L. Anthony, Andrew R. Jones, Whendee L. Silver ABSTRACT: Carbon dioxide (CO2) removal (carbon dioxide removal (CDR)) that combines decreased greenhouse gas emissions with atmospheric CO2 reduction is needed to limit climate change. Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) of ground silicate minerals is an emerging CDR technology with the potential to decrease atmospheric CO2. However, there are few multi-year field studies and considerable uncertainty in field-rates of ERW. We explored combining finely ground metabasaltic rock with other soil CDR technologies (compost and biochar amendments) to stimulate carbon (C) sequestration. The combined ground ...

In-field carbon dioxide removal via weathering of crushed basalt applied to acidic tropical agricultural soil

Fredrick J. Holden, Kalu Davies, Michael I. Bird, Ruby Hume, Hannah Green, David J. Beerling, Paul N. Nelson ABSTRACT: Enhanced weathering (EW) of silicate rocks such as basalt provides a potential carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technology for combatting climate change. Modelling and mesocosm studies suggest significant CDR via EW but there are few field studies. This study aimed to directly measure in-field CDR via EW of basalt applied to sugarcane on acidic (pH 5.8, 0–0.25 m) Ultisol in tropical northeastern Australia, where weathering potential is high. Coarsely crushed basalt produced as a byproduct of gravel manufacture (<5 mm) was ...

Calcite is an efficient and low-cost material to enhance benthic weathering in shelf sediments of the Baltic Sea

Michael Fuhr, Andrew W. Dale, Klaus Wallmann, Rebecca Bährle, Habeeb Thanveer Kalapurakkal, Stefan Sommer, Timo Spiegel, Ryo Dobashi, Björn Buchholz, Mark Schmidt, Mirjam Perner, Sonja Geilert ABSTRACT: Recent studies have proposed calcite and dunite as possible alkaline materials for enhanced benthic weathering in shallow depocenters of the Baltic Sea as a marine carbon dioxide removal strategy. In this study, insights on calcite and dunite weathering from laboratory incubations and long-term benthocosm experiments are combined with a numerical box-model to assess the carbon dioxide uptake potential of mineral addition to organic-rich ...

A landscape-scale view of soil organic matter dynamics

Sebastian Doetterl, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Katherine Heckman, Corey Lawrence, Jörg Schnecker, Rodrigo Vargas, Cordula Vogel, Rota Wagai ABSTRACT: Soil carbon is an important component of the terrestrial carbon cycle and could be augmented through improved soil management to mitigate climate change. However, data gaps for numerous regions and a lack of understanding of the heterogeneity of biogeochemical processes across diverse soil landscapes hinder the development of large-scale representations of soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics. In this Perspective, we outline how understanding soil formation processes and complexity at the landscape scale ...

Are enhanced rock weathering rates overestimated? A few geochemical and mineralogical pitfalls

Ian M. Power, Victoria N. J. Hatten, Minger Guo, Zivi R. Schaffer, Kwon Rausis, Heather Klyn-Hesselink ABSTRACT: There is considerable uncertainty when quantifying carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from enhanced rock weathering (ERW). Faster CDR rates mean ERW may significantly impact climate change mitigation, and more carbon credits will financially benefit private companies. However, overestimating CDR risks undermining ERW if meaningless carbon credits are counted. Here, we aim to contribute to the discussion of CDR quantification by describing three potential pitfalls relating to the geochemical and mineralogical compositions of rock powders. ...

Applying minerals to soil to draw down atmospheric carbon dioxide through synergistic organic and inorganic pathways

ABSTRACT: Minerals in soil can sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide through natural organic and inorganic processes. Here we consider three soil- and mineral-based methods for carbon dioxide removal: (1) grinding and spreading of calcium- and magnesium-rich silicate rocks for enhanced rock weathering and subsequent inorganic carbon formation, (2) mineral doping of biomass prior to conversion into biochar for enhanced biochar carbon yield and stability, and (3) strategic application of minerals to soil to increase soil organic carbon accrual and stability. We argue that there are powerful synergies between these approaches for carbon dioxide removal ...

Accelerated weathering of silicate rock dusts predicts the slow-release liming in soils depending on rock mineralogy, soil acidity, and test methodology

ABSTRACT: The ongoing acidification of soil poses a significant threat to the proper functioning of various ecosystems worldwide. Silicate rock dusts (RD) are increasingly amended to acid soils to restore their pH, but the acid neutralising capacity (ANC) and dissolution rate of these products are highly variable and lack proper assessment protocols. It is expected that pH-dependent RD ANCs and dissolution rates dictate the pH increase in soils depending on the initial pH and pH buffer power of the soil. This study addressed these questions by comparing and validating three accelerated weathering tests for their capacity to predict the gradual ...