141 results for group: climate-change

Reduced accrual of mineral‐associated organic matter after two years of enhanced rock weathering in cropland soils, though no net losses of soil organic carbon

ABSTRACT: Enhanced rock weathering (ERW), the application of crushed silicate rock to soil, can remove atmospheric carbon dioxide by converting it to (bi) carbonate ions or solid carbonate minerals. However, few studies have empirically evaluated ERW in field settings. A critical question remains as to whether additions of crushed rock might positively or negatively affect soil organic matter (SOM)—Earth’s largest terrestrial organic carbon (C) pool and a massive reservoir of organic nitrogen (N). Here, in three irrigated cropland field trials in California, USA, we investigated the effect of crushed meta-basalt rock additions on different ...

How powdered rock could help slow climate change

WEB PAGE: "A method called enhanced rock weathering shows promise at capturing carbon dioxide from the air" Ann Leslie Davis (2024)."How powdered rock could help slow climate change": Science News, Vol 205 #12 https://www.sciencenews.org/article/powdered-rock-help-slow-climate-change

Mineral-enriched biochar delivers enhanced nutrient recovery and carbon dioxide removal

ABSTRACT: Biochar production via biomass pyrolysis with subsequent burial in soils provides a carbon dioxide removal technology that is ready for implementation, yet uptake requires acceleration; notably, through generation of cost reductions and co-benefits. Here we find that biomass enrichment (doping) with refined minerals, mineral by-products, or ground rocks reduces carbon loss during pyrolysis, lowering carbon dioxide removal costs by 17% to US$ 80–150 t−1 CO2, with 30% savings feasible at higher biomass costs. As a co-benefit, all three additives increase plant-available nutrient levels. Doping with potassium-bearing minerals can ...

Investigation of an Indian Site with Mafic Rock for Carbon Sequestration

ABSTRACT: The increasing extent of greenhouse gas emissions has necessitated the development of techniques for atmospheric carbon dioxide removal and storage. Various techniques are being explored for carbon storage including geological sequestration. The geological sequestration has various avenues such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs, coal-bed methane reservoirs, and mafic and ultramafic rocks. Different trapping mechanisms are in play in these subsurface storage systems. In these sequestration sites, the mafic and ultramafic rocks are best suited for long-term and effective sequestration as they comprise minerals, conducive for chemical ...

Sustainability performance of enhanced weathering across countries

ABSTRACT Enhanced weathering (EW) is a promising negative emission technology involving the application of crushed silicate rocks to croplands for carbon capture. There is limited research about the broad sustainability impacts in rolling out this intervention on a large scale. This research assesses the triple bottom line sustainability of EW in eight top-emitting countries using an extended input-output model. Results indicate that overall sustainability performance of EW is influenced by each country’s environmental and social metrics than the economic. Compared to developed countries (UK, France, Germany, USA), emerging economies (Brazil, ...

The efficacy of enhancing carbonate weathering for carbon dioxide sequestration

ABSTRACT: Enhanced weathering is a geoengineering strategy aiming to increase continental weathering rates, thereby increasing the delivery of atmospheric carbon (as HCO−3) to the oceans. Most enhanced weathering studies focus on the capacity of silicate rocks (e.g., basalt) and minerals (e.g., olivine, Mg2SiO4, or wollastonite CaSiO3) to remove atmospheric CO2. However, carbonate minerals (e.g., calcite, CaCO3) could provide an additional, rapid way to increase HCO−3 export to the oceans. Recent studies suggest that 0.84 Gt C yr−1could be removed from the atmosphere through the enhanced dissolution of calcite in soils, provided carbonic acid ...

BIOGEOCHEMICAL POTENTIAL OF INDIA – by Dr. Ishfaq Ahmad Mir-Meeting Recording

TITLE PAGE: India's biogeochemical potential to feed the country and stabilize the climate Dr. Ishfaq Ahmad Mir Senior Geologist Geological Survey of India State Unit Karnataka and Goa Bengaluru Presented to the Geological Society of India; June , 2024 RECORDING:   SLIDES: ERW Talk.pptx

Enhanced Weathering Policy Primer: Assessing the Opportunity

INTRODUCTION There is clear scientific consensus that, in addition to rapid and deep reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide removal (CDR) will be required at an immense, multi-gigatonne (Gt) annual scale by mid-century to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement and limit warming to 1.5 or even 2°C.1 CDR encompasses a range of approaches, and to meet the massive challenge to achieve gigatonne scale will require a portfolio of solutions.2 Many of these pathways are new technologies that could potentially take years to develop, demonstrate, and deploy. Methods of CDR that offer meaningful co-benefits, and that can be ...

Additive effects of basalt enhanced weathering and biochar co-application on carbon sequestration, soil nutrient status and plant performance in a mesocosm experiment

ABSTRACT Co-deployment of a portfolio of carbon removal technologies is anticipated in order to remove several gigatons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and meet climate targets. However, co-application effects between carbon removal technologies have rarely been examined, despite multiple recent perspectives suggesting potential synergies between basalt enhanced weathering and biochar application. To study the co-application effects of basalt for enhanced weathering and biochar on carbon sequestration, along with related co-benefits and risks, we conducted a fully replicated factorial mesocosm experiment with wheat. Basalt applied alone (74 t ...

Measurements in Geochemical Carbon Dioxide Removal

SUMMARY Geochemical carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies capture and store carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere using alkaline materials that are rich in calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). Alkaline materials include natural rocks such as basalt, industrial by-products such as steel slag, or artiicially generated and industrially produced materials such as lime. Geochemical CDR technologies speed up the reactions of such materials with air or other CO2-bearing gases, and convert the CO2 into solid carbonate minerals or dissolved inorganic carbon in the ocean. Gigatonne (Gt) scale removal is potentially possible with geochemical CDR owing to ...