143 results for group: carbon-sequestration-1

Leveraging ecosystems responses to enhanced rock weathering in mitigation scenarios

Yann Gaucher, Katsumasa Tanaka, Daniel J. A. Johansson, Daniel S. Goll, Philippe Ciais ABSTRACT: Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is deemed necessary to attain the Paris Agreement’s climate objectives. While bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) has generated substantial attention, sustainability concerns have led to increased examination of alternative strategies, including enhanced rock weathering (EW). We analyse the role of EW under cost-effective mitigation pathways, by including the CDR potential of basalt applications from silicate weathering (geochemical CDR) and enhanced ecosystem growth and carbon storage in response to phospho...

Bridging time lags in durable carbon removal on working lands

Noah J. Planavsky, Beck J. Woollen, Ella Milliken, Mojtaba Fakhraee, David J. Beerling, Christopher T. Reinhard ABSTRACT: Enhanced weathering and biochar application on working lands show promising signs of delivering durable carbon dioxide removal required to meet internationally agreed upon climate change mitigation goals. Although both technologies can scale comparatively quickly, their ability to offset radiative forcing from anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions is delayed by time lags between deployment and realized carbon removal. Here, we suggest that coupling enhanced weathering and biochar with point-source methane emissions reductions ...

Atmospheric carbon dioxide mineralisation in anthropogenically-derived carbonate deposits

John MacDonald, Charlotte Slaymark, Amanda Stubbs, Marta Kalabová ABSTRACT: Removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is important in minimising the impact of anthropogenically-induced climate change. Anthropogenic geomaterials, such as slag and cement, can be utilised in an engineered context for mineralising CO2. However, such anthropogenic geomaterials, typically waste products, were usually deposited on the land surface and left to passively mineralise CO2, resulting in the formation of anthropogenic carbonates. In this study, we document anthropogenic carbonates from a suite of locations across Scotland and Northern England, and use stable ...

An Analysis of Soil CO₂ Efflux and Leachate Alkalinity Data

Dirk Paessler, Jens Hammes, Anna Anke Stöckel, Ralf Steffens, Ingrid Smet ABSTRACT: In order to better understand Enhanced Weathering (EW) we ran an extensive greenhouse experiment with more than 400 pots with grass plants (Lollium perenne) for 24 months throughout 2023-2024. Every month we measured multiple parameters in the soil leachate water (total alkalinity (TA), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and cations) as well as soil CO₂ effluxes. With a focus on carbon transport we present here the data from 67 rock-soil variations with 4 replicates each, based on the lab results from 6,500 leachate samples and almost 1 million CO₂ efflux ...

Divergent responses of carbon and nitrogen functional genes composition to enhanced rock weathering

Qiong Chen, Daniel S. Goll, Mardin Abdalqadir, Xinjian He, Guochen Li, Boyuan Bi, Tongtong Xu, Chenlu Li, Yanlong Chen, Xiulian Ma, Zhenxin Li, Yunting Fang, Zhanqing Hao & Zuoqiang Yuan ABSTRACT: Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a scalable strategy for atmospheric carbon dioxide removal. The microbiome function critically regulates the below-ground cycle of carbon and nitrogen in terrestrial ecosystems. However, microbial functioning related to carbon and nitrogen under ERW remains elusive. Here we investigated how wollastonite addition affects key microbial carbon and nitrogen-cycles genes investigated using metagenomic, in a tropic rubber ...

Limited carbon sequestration potential from global ecosystem restoration

Csaba Tölgyesi, Nándor Csikós, Vicky M. Temperton, Elise Buisson, Fernando A. O. Silveira, Caroline E. R. Lehmann, Péter Török, Zoltán Bátori, Ákos Bede-Fazekas ABSTRACT: Ecosystem restoration is increasingly recognized as a means of climate change mitigation. Recent global-scale studies have suggested that ecosystem restoration could offset a substantial fraction of human carbon emissions since the Industrial Revolution. However, global carbon sequestration potential remains uncertain due to the tree-centric view of some models and difficulties in modelling restoration across different ecosystem types. Here we applied a model-based ...

Increased soil CO2 emissions after basalt amendment were partly offset by biochar addition in an urban field experiment

Jennifer Newell,Rory Doherty, Gary Lyons ABSTRACT: Enhanced weathering (EW) and biochar amendment are proposed carbon dioxide removal (CDR) techniques with potential co-benefits for soil health and plant productivity. However, knowledge gaps remain regarding their impacts on soil carbon dynamics and heavy metal mobility. This study investigates the effects of basalt and biochar amendments on soil CO2 efflux (SCE), soil base cation dynamics, biomass yield and heavy metal uptake in clover (Trifolium pratense) and mustard (Brassica juncea) field plots. Despite potential CO2 uptake through weathering, we found that basalt increased SCE in both crops, ...

Pyrogenic carbon and Carbonating Minerals for Carbon Capture and Storage (PyMiCCS) Part II: Organic and Inorganic Carbon Dioxide Removal in an Oxisol

Maria-Elena Vorrath, Thorben Amann, Johannes Meyer zu Drewer, Nikolas Hagemann, Cierra Aldrich, Janine Börker, Maria Seedtke, Joscha N. Becker, Mathilde Hagens, Annette Eschenbach, Jens Hartmann ABSTRACT: Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) and pyrogenic carbon capture and storage (PyCCS, or "biochar carbon removal") are two promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) techniques that can contribute to soil restoration. These technologies can be combined by co-application of rock powder and biochar or by co-pyrolysis of rock powder with biomass to produce rock-enhanced (RE) biochar. In a 27-week laboratory experiment, we quantified the carbon (C) sink ...

Preliminary assessment of crushed rock, compost, and biochar amendments on soil physical properties

Sarah A. Costanzo, Iris O. Holzer, Nall I. Moonilall, Amber Davenport, Benjamin Z. Houlton, Mallika A. Nocco ABSTRACT: Innovative carbon dioxide removal strategies using soil amendments like crushed silicate rock may alter soil structure and function by inducing changes in soil mineralogy. We hypothesized that crushed silicate rock would improve soil physical properties. This study investigated how stand-alone and combined application of crushed metabasalt and olivine rock (40.3 and 26.9 Mg ha−1), compost (9 Mg ha−1), and biochar (10 Mg ha−1) influenced soil physical health over a 2-year drought period in a Northern California corn (Zea ...

Pyrogenic carbon and carbonating minerals for carbon capture and storage (PyMiCCS) part I: production, physico-chemical characterization and C-sink potential

Johannes Meyer zu Drewer, Maria-Elena Vorrath, Thorben Amann, Jens Hartmann, Jose Maria De la Rosa, Jens Möllmer, Sara Maria Pérez-Dalí, William Meredith, Clement Uguna, Colin Snape, Claudia Kammann, Hans-Peter Schmidt, Nikolas Hagemann ABSTRACT: Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) at gigaton-scale is essential to meet the Paris climate goals. Relevant CDR rates can only be achieved through the co-deployment of multiple CDR approaches. However, synergisms between different CDR methods and joint co-benefits beyond CDR have seldom been investigated. The combination of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) and enhanced weathering of minerals (Mi) for carbon capture ...