110 results for group: climate-change

The global potential for increased storage of carbon on land

Wayne S. Walker, Seth R. Gorelik , Susan C. Cook-Patton, Alessandro Baccini, Mary K. Farina, Kylen K. Solvik, Peter W. Ellis, Jon Sanderman, Richard A. Houghton, Sara M. Leavitt, Christopher R. Schwalm, Bronson W. Griscom Abstract Constraining the climate crisis requires urgent action to reduce anthropogenic emissions while simultaneously removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Improved information about the maximum magnitude and spatial distribution of opportunities for additional land-based removals of CO2is needed to guide on-the-ground decision-making about where to implement climate change mitigation strategies. Here, we pre-sent a ...

What is the maximum potential for CO2 sequestration by “stimulated” weathering on the global scale?

Jens Hartmann, Stephan Kempe Abstract Natural chemical weathering of silicate rocks is a significant sink for soil and atmospheric CO2. Previous work suggested that natural chemical weathering may be stimulated by applying finely ground silicate rocks to agricultural areas or forests [stimulated weathering (SW)]. However, it remained unknown if this technique is practical to sequester globally significant amounts of CO2 under realistic conditions. Applying first estimates of “normal treatment” amounts from a literature review, we report here a theoretical global maximum potential of 65 106 t sequestered C a−1 if SW would be applied ...

Increased carbon capture by a silicate-treated forested watershed affected by acid deposition

Lyla L. Taylor, Charles T. Driscoll, Peter M. Groffman, Greg H. Rau, Joel D. Blum, David J. Beerling Abstract Meeting internationally agreed-upon climate targets requires carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies coupled with an urgent phase-down of fossil fuel emissions. However, the efficacy and wider impacts of CDR are poorly understood. Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a land-based CDR strategy requiring large-scale field trials. Here we show that a low 3.44 t ha−1 wollastonite treatment in an 11.8 ha acid-rain-impacted forested watershed in New Hampshire, USA, led to cumulative carbon capture by carbonic acid weathering of 0.025–0.13 t ...

Nutrients release from powder phonolite mediated by bioweathering actions

Laene de Fátima Tavares, André Mundstock Xavier de Carvalho, Luis Gustavo Brogliato Camargo, Samarina Gabriele de Fátima Pereira, Irene Maria Cardoso Abstract Silicate rock powders have been appointed as possible nutrient alternative sources which might enhance the agricultural sector sustainability. However, the application of those materials directly in soil presents as main limitations the low content and solubility of the mineral nutrient sources. In this perspective, the aim of the present study was to evaluate, in a bioweathering perspective, the conjunct application potential of phonolite with organic composts over the nutrients ...

Olivine Weathering in Soil, and Its Effects on Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.): A Pot Experiment

Hein F. M. ten Berge ,Hugo G. van der Meer, Johan W. Steenhuizen, Paul W. Goedhart, Pol Knops, Jan Verhagen Abstract Mineral carbonation of basic silicate minerals regulates atmospheric CO2 on geological time scales by locking up carbon. Mining and spreading onto the earth’s surface of fast-weathering silicates, such as olivine, has been proposed to speed up this natural CO2 sequestration (‘enhanced weathering’). While agriculture may offer an existing infrastructure, weathering rate and impacts on soil and plant are largely unknown. Our objectives were to assess weathering of olivine in soil, and its effects on plant growth and nutrient ...

Agricultural acceleration of soil carbonate weathering

John H. Kim, Esteban G. Jobbágy, Daniel D. Richter, Susan E. Trumbore, Robert B. Jackson Abstract Soil carbonates (i.e., soil inorganic carbon or SIC) represent more than a quarter of the terrestrial carbon pool and are often considered to be relatively stable, with fluxes significant only on geologic timescales. However, given the importance of climatic water balance on SIC accumulation, we tested the hypothesis that increased soil water storage and transport resulting from cultivation may enhance dissolution of SIC, altering their local stock at decadal timescales. We compared SIC storage to 7.3 m depth in eight sites, each having paired ...

CO2 sequestration by Enhanced Weathering of agricultural soils in Norfolk, UK

Andrews, G., Epihov, D., Pearce, C. R., James, R. H., Beerling, D. J. Abstract Enhanced Weathering (EW) of silicate rocks is a carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) removal (CDR) strategy whereby powdered rock is applied to the land and/or ocean in order to mitigate climate warming through accelerated rates of chemical weathering. Agricultural sites are particularly suited for EW as they host infastructure needed to implement EW, and the nutrients released during weathering facilitate a number of food security co-benefits such as increased crop yields [1]. Here we present results from EW field trials conducted in Norfolk, United Kingdom, with two different ...

CO2 sequestration by wollastonite-amended agricultural soils – An Ontario field study

Fatima Haque Rafael, M.Santos, Yi Wai Chiang Abstract Terrestrial enhanced weathering is the spreading of silicate powder on land, and can sequester atmospheric CO2 through carbonation of calcium- and magnesium-rich minerals. When applied to soils, at suitable geochemical conditions, alkaline minerals lead to accumulation of soil inorganic carbon as pedogenic carbonates. Agricultural land covers 37 % of the Earth’s land surface, thus offering a natural sink for atmospheric CO2. Wollastonite (CaSiO3) has been commercialized in Ontario as an agricultural soil amendment for several years, but it is not known if or how much CO2 is sequestered ...

Environmental and health impacts of atmospheric CO2 removal by enhanced rock weathering depend on nations’ energy mix

Rafael M. Eufrasio, Euripides P. Kantzas, Neil R. Edwards, Philip B. Holden, Hector Pollitt, Jean-Francois Mercure, S. C. Lenny Koh, David J. Beerling Abstract Enhanced Rock Weathering is a proposed Carbon Dioxide Removal technology involving the application of crushed silicate rocks, such as basalt, to agricultural soils with potential cobenefits for crops and soils, and mitigation of ocean acidification. Here we address the requirement of diverse stakeholders for informative studies quantifying possible environmental and health risks of Enhanced Rock Weathering. Using life-cycle assessment modelling of potential supply chain impacts for ...

Enhanced weathering in acid and alkaline agricultural soils: greenhouse gas emissions and soil bacterial communities implications

Sílvia Poblador, Coline Le Noir de Carlan, Erik Verbruggen, Sara Vicca Abstract Changes in agricultural management practices to enhance soil carbon (C) sequestration while maintaining crop productivity are a key opportunity to reduce the impact of humans on the environment, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes to the atmosphere and nutrient leaching to aquatic ecosystems without compromising food and soil security. Amongst them, enhanced weathering (EW) of silicate minerals is a promising negative emission technology that can be associated with multiple co-benefits for crop production by spreading silicate minerals on arable soils (i.e. ...